in 2011, we witnessed the fall or death of dictators in various countries. for example, mubarak in egypt had to dishonorably resign from his post after 30 years of ruthless rule, forced out by mass protests by the egyptian people. in october, gaddafi of libya was killed by angry rebels after 42 years of iron-fisted rule. who in the world would have expected that the mighty gaddafi, who had wielded absolute power as the “king of kings” in north africa, and had antagonized the west with various terrorist activities, would be brutally murdered by those whom he called mobsters? then in december, kim jong-il of north korea, who ruled thruled the country for 17 years, died of a heart attack.