in his celebrated book, “what is history?” e. h. carr also discusses the bias of historians and the problem of moral judgments in history. he wrote: “the belief in a hard core of historical facts existing objectively and independently of the interpretation of the historian is a preposterous fallacy, but one which is very hard to eradicate.” carr perceived that history is not free from historians’ subjective viewpoints and perspectives. furthermore, politicians and patriots, too, often intentionally misinterpret or distort history for political gain. not realizing the complex and biased nature of history production, students are easily brainwashed by history books and teachers, and believe that the facts they learn are the absolute truth. when they encounter a different version of history, therefore, they become baffled, upset and even furious.